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Independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.)

Definition
AI-generated

Repeated draws sharing law without coupling—idealized for bootstrap theory though genotypes are correlated.

Why it matters in GWAS

Statistical concepts underpin GWAS significance, effect estimation, relatedness random effects, multiple testing, fine-mapping priors, and post-GWAS multivariate methods.

Example usage

"A replication analysis checks whether Independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) assumptions hold across cohorts."

References

  • Casella G, Berger RL. (2002). Statistical Inference. Duxbury Press.
  • Wasserman L. (2004). All of Statistics. Springer.

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