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Genetic Relationship Matrix (GRM)

Definition
AI-generated

The genetic relationship matrix (GRM) is an n×n symmetric matrix whose (i,j) entry is twice the kinship coefficient between individuals i and j in many conventions (so unrelated pairs are near 0 and the diagonal reflects self-relatedness).

Topics
Population genetics
Related
Kinship Coefficient LD Pruning Linear Mixed Model (LMM)

Why it matters in GWAS

The GRM lets LMMs account for population structure and cryptic relatedness jointly; it is also used in SNP-heritability estimation (GREML) and can be eigendecomposed for related PCA approaches.

Example usage

"We computed the GCTA GRM with a 0.05 MAF filter and used it in GEMMA for association testing."

Kinship Coefficient LD Pruning Linear Mixed Model (LMM) Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Relatedness
Related-term network

Click any node to open that term page.

Node order. The current term is first. Next come every page linked from Related terms, in the same top-to-bottom order as that list. Then new terms appear in two-hop layers: for each of those direct neighbors (in that same order), their related terms are appended if not already listed. A third pass does the same for two-hop nodes. The walk stops when a fixed maximum number of nodes is reached.

References

  • Yang J, et al. (2011). GCTA: a tool for genome-wide complex trait analysis. Am J Hum Genet.
  • GWASTutorial: Sample PCA.
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