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Ethnicity

Definition
AI-generated

Ethnicity describes shared social identity—often involving culture, language, religion, nationality, or migration history—that individuals or communities use to describe themselves.

Topics
Ethics, law & society
Related
Ancestry Participation Bias Polygenic Risk Score Portability

Why it matters in GWAS

Ethnicity fields support inclusive recruitment, equity monitoring, and alignment with funding and reporting requirements, but they must not be mistaken for genotype-based population labels. Ambiguous or country-specific categories affect meta-analysis harmonization and fairness assessments for polygenic prediction across groups.

Example usage

"We harmonized Hispanic/Latino ethnicity across sites using a shared ontology and did not use ethnicity in place of PCA-based ancestry adjustment."

Ancestry Participation Bias Polygenic Risk Score Portability Population Stratification Race Trans-Ancestry GWAS
Related-term network

Click any node to open that term page.

Node order. The current term is first. Next come every page linked from Related terms, in the same top-to-bottom order as that list. Then new terms appear in two-hop layers: for each of those direct neighbors (in that same order), their related terms are appended if not already listed. A third pass does the same for two-hop nodes. The walk stops when a fixed maximum number of nodes is reached.

References

  • Borrell LN, et al. (2021). Race and genetic ancestry in medicine—a time for reckoning with racism. N Engl J Med.
  • Lewis ACF, et al. (2022). Getting genetic ancestry right for science and society. Science.
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