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Canalization

Definition
AI-generated

Robustness of phenotype to genetic or environmental perturbation—evolutionary genetics context for GxE.

Why it matters in GWAS

Population structure, demographic history, and mating patterns affect allele frequencies, LD, relatedness, and cross-cohort portability—central to GWAS design and interpretation.

Example usage

"Despite environmental variability, the phenotype showed canalization with relatively stable developmental outcomes."

References

  • Hartl DL, Clark AG. (2007). Principles of Population Genetics. Sinauer Associates.
  • Jobling MA, Hurles ME, Tyler-Smith C. (2013). Human Evolutionary Genetics. Garland Science.

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